Summary Of The Baba - 1612 Words

Chapter 1 Many characters are introduced, as Amir, Baba, Rahim Khan (who calls by phone to invite Amir to Pakistan) and Ali. After the phone call, Amir went for a walk by the park to think about his life. Memories from 1975: Something changed in those days. Chapter 2 Amir explains his childhood with Hassan. Amir was Pashtun, while Hassan was Hazara. They both lost their mothers and their fathers were Baba and Ali. Ali married with Sanaubar to restore his uncle s honor. Hassan lived in a small house with his father, near Baba s Mansion. He used to play with Amir and they had a strong relationship, as they were fed by the same breasts. They once met a soldier who said he had a relation with Hassan s mother. Chapter 3 Baba built an Orphanage. Against the popular beliefs against his idea, Baba was succesful. Baba was supposed to become a lawyer as is father, but he decided to be a businessman and became one of the richest merchants in Kabul. Amir had a Islam teacher at the school. Baba thought that teachers weren t good, and he talked to Amir about sins. He believed that all sins were variations from theft.Baba felt his son was not like him. Amir tried to enjoy football, but he prefered to read poems. Amir listens Baba talking to Rahim Khan about him. Chapter 4 Amir explains the relation between Baba and Ali. They had a similar childhood to Amir and Hassan, because Ali s parents died when they were crashed by a car and Baba s father, a famous lawyer, decided to adoptShow MoreRelatedThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1248 Words   |  5 PagesThe Kite Runner Before I read The Kite Runner, I had looked up a summary of it online as a preview for what was to come. That was not the best idea because after having read the summary, I began to make assumptions about the book. I had thought that it was going to be a very historically factual book about Afghanistan in the 1960s and 1970s when the Soviet Union invaded and the Taliban regime took over. I was expecting a plot line similar to Night by Elie Wiesel: a book about a boyRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1574 Words   |  7 Pagespresent in the book is the kite. The kite represents the intricate relationship of love between Amir and Baba, his father. When Amir describes his rough childhood relationship with Baba, he writes that kites were the â€Å"one paper thin slice of intersection†(52) between their personalities. Baba and Amir s personalities were light years apart when Amir was a child. Amir was gentle and timid while Baba was a strong, and noble man. Ho wever, when Amir was kite fighting, his personality morphed, in a senseRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1655 Words   |  7 Pagesbecame a practicing intern at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles from 1996 to 2004. In 2001, Hosseini began to write his first novel, The Kite Runner, and later published it in 2003. Plot summary: Amir flashbacks to when he was twelve years old in Afghanistan. He lives with his father, Baba, and has two servants, Ali and Hassan, who are also a father and son duo. The latter two are Hazaras, Afghan’s minority, and as such, are subjected to racial slurs and cruelty. Amir and Hassan are playingRead MoreKite Runner Essay899 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween local Afghani kids, regardless of their social status. The main characters in this story that come from a higher socioeconomic level are Baba, a lawyer from the Pashtun tribe, and his son Amir. The main characters in this story that come from the lower socioeconomic level are Ali, a servant from the Hazara tribe, and his son Hassan who are servants to Baba and his family. The Kite Runner explores how different classes of people worked together to run things in Afghanistan. In the Kite RunnerRead MoreThe Kite Runner Book Review1200 Words   |  5 PagesThe Kite Runner Book Review Summary: The Kite Runner is about the story of Amir, a Sunni Muslim that recalls a series of traumatic childhood events that he claims has defined him to be who he is. The story starts with Amir as an adult in present-day United States and then flashes back to Amir’s childhood in Afghanistan. Amir lived in a nice home Kabul, Afghanistan, with Baba, his father and their two servants, Ali and his son, Hassan. Amir’s mother died while giving birth to him and Hassan’s motherRead MoreThe Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini977 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom critics and readers. Khaled Hosseini is regarded as the most important American author of this time. He has been praised for his excellent writing skills in writing novels. He is very good in writing women’s issues and rights in Afghanistan. Summary It’s about a twelve years old Amir who is kind of desperate to gain the permission of his father and willpower to win the kite-fighting tournament in Afghanistan just to show his the kite runner. We also get to know his devoted friend Hassan whoRead MoreClear Light of Day1606 Words   |  7 Pagesadult lives and work to resolve the lingering guilt of past family conflicts. When Tara returns for a visit with Bimla and Baba, old memories and tensions resurface and blend into a domestic drama that is intensely beautiful and leads to profound self-understanding. Their struggles with autonomy and independence are echoed in the backdrop of the newly-partitioned nation Plot summary The book is split into four sections covering the Das family from the children’s perspective in this order: adulthood,Read MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1367 Words   |  6 Pagesto several prominent characters and key events. The second portion of the novel takes place five years later when Amir and his father, Baba, flee from their home country to the United States because of the Soviet Union’s invasion after the Taliban’s takeover. During this section of The Kite Runner, Amir meets and marries a woman named Soraya and not only is Baba diagnosed with terminal cancer, but he also dies from it. The third and final part of the novel once again takes place back on his homeRead MoreFamily Therapy Role Play Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesI am an elderly South Asian immigrant grandparent (Baba – in this role play) with significant medical problems, arrived in Canada just two months ago. His wife passed away six months back, mentally disturbed and hopi ng to have some emotional support from his only son who migrated to Canada 16 years back. Baba is also sick, needs to consult a doctor and looking for a quite corner in the apartment where he can live without any disturbances. Baba belongs to an old school of South Asian thought. HisRead MoreEssay on An Ex-Mas Feast Summary1878 Words   |  8 PagesAn Ex-Mas Feast Summary Uwem Akpan’s story, â€Å"An Ex-Mas Feast† is a story of the struggles that one family goes through to give gifts on their upcoming Christmas season. Akpan introduces the reader to the struggles of the main characters, which directly ties into the details of impoverished town that they live in. Jigana, one of the story’s main characters, starts off as a naà ¯ve 8 year old little boy who was anxious to start going to school. In a stark contrast, Maisha, the eldest sister

Phoneme Definition and Examples in English

In linguistics, a phoneme is the smallest sound unit in a language that is capable of conveying a distinct meaning, such as the s of sing and the r of ring. Adjective: phonemic. Phonemes are language-specific. In other words, phonemes that are functionally distinct in English (for example, /b/ and /p/) may not be so in another language.  (Phonemes are customarily written between slashes, thus /b/ and /p/.) Different languages have different phonemes. Etymology: From the Greek, sound Pronunciation: FO-neem Examples and Observations The central concept in phonology is the phoneme, which is a distinctive category of sounds that all the native speakers of a language or dialect perceive as more or less the same...[A]lthough the two [k] sounds in kicked are not identical—the first one is pronounced with more aspiration than the second—they are heard as two instances of [k] nonetheless...Since phonemes are categories rather than actual sounds, they are not tangible things; instead, they are abstract, theoretical types or groups that are only psychologically real. (In other words, we cannot hear phonemes, but we assume they exist because of how the sounds in languages pattern as they are used by speakers.) (Thomas E. Murray, The Structure of English:  Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology. Allyn and Bacon,  1995)Two points need to be stressed: (1) the most important property of a phoneme is that it contrasts with the other phonemes in the system, and hence (2) we can only speak of the phoneme of some part icular speech variety (a particular accent of a particular language). Languages differ in the number of phonemes they distinguish...but every valid word in every language necessarily consists of some permissible sequence of that languages phonemes. (R.L. Trask,  A Dictionary of Phonetics and Phonology. Routledge, 2004) An Alphabetical Analogy: Phonemes and Allophones The concepts of phoneme and allophone become clearer by analogy with the letters of the alphabet. We recognize that a symbol is a despite considerable variations in size, colour, and (to a certain extent) shape. The representation of the letter a is affected in handwriting by the preceding or following letters to which it is joined. Writers may form the letter idiosyncratically and may vary their writing according to whether they are tired or in a hurry or nervous. The variants in the visual representations are analogous to the allophones of a phoneme, and what is distinctive in contrast to other alphabetic letters is analogous to the phoneme. (Sidney Greenbaum, The Oxford English Grammar. Oxford University Press, 1996) Differences Between Members of a Phoneme We cannot rely on the spelling to tell us whether two sounds are members of different phonemes. For example...the words key and car begin with what we can regard as the same sound, despite the fact that one is spelled with the letter k and the other with c. But in this case, the two sounds are not exactly the same...If you whisper just the first consonants in these two words, you can probably hear the difference, and you may be able to feel that your tongue touches the roof of the mouth in a different place for each word. This example shows that there may be very subtle differences between members of a phoneme. The sounds at the beginning of key and car are slightly different, but it is not a difference that changes the meaning of a word in English. They are both members of the same phoneme. (Peter Ladefoged and Keith Johnson, A Course in Phonetics, 6th ed. Wadsworth, 2011)

Terraforming Essay - 950 Words

Terraforming Terraforming has been explored in science fiction for years, but improving technology, along with concerns such as population growth and expenditure of natural resources, are causing terraforming to become a possibility. Population growth is the most obvious reason for terraforming. The world’s population is expected to rise steadily for the next 50 years; although the rate of population growth decreases slightly each year, the world population is estimated to increase by about half its current size between 2004 and 2050 (1). Barring any disaster that could cause a dramatic population decrease, humans will eventually overrun the amount of space available on Earth. Another concern is the availability of the Earth’s natural†¦show more content†¦The upper class would likely unwilling to do the work that required to get a new colony started, possibly spurring a return of slave labor or indentured servitude. The rich would probably be willing to pay for servantsâ₠¬â„¢ travel and living expenses in exchange for manual labor. Moving to such a radically different environment would force humans to adapt to new conditions. The difference between gravities might cause humans to lose muscle mass and become smaller. The human body would probably begin to require less oxygen and become more dependent on an element that is abundant in the atmosphere. Humans would have to depend on uncustomary foods, as meat would not be readily available and Earth’s plants would likely require genetic alteration to survive in the new environment (3). A large amount of government money would go toward settling the new frontier, and as a result taxes and prices on everyday items could rise. Necessary commodities would have to be imported to the colony until it could become self-sufficient. As a result, people would probably be working overtime to meet the demand and resources would become scarce, which would lead to inflation. A new wave of inventions would proba bly arise to create a business market for the new territory. Eventually, a terraformed planet could even become a tourist destination. Terraforming another planet or satellite would be difficult and costly. A major requirement would be an atmosphere capable of sustaining humanShow MoreRelatedTerraforming Mars for Human Habitation1142 Words   |  5 Pages Terraforming Mars is the process of purposely changing the known properties of Mars to satisfy safe human habitation. In order to do this, we would have to use a 1000-year timeline. A thousand year timeline is best because it would give humans the time needed to change the atmosphere of Mars, change the temperature of Mars, grow food, and more. In order for the terraforming process to work, humans must permanently live on Mars for. For humans to permanently live on Mars, a fuel source mustRead MoreSustainability And Discredit Arguments For Space Exploration1473 Words   |  6 Pagesbillions of other believe to be legitimate many people jump to space exploration as the only answer. A popular concept is terraforming. Terraforming is the process of transforming a hostile environment into one suitable for human life. Being that Mars is the most Earth-like planet in our solar system, it is the best candidate for terraforming. It is believed that terraforming any planet would take centur ies for just the initial steps, and much longer for the entire process to be completed. The terraformationRead More Colonizing Planets other than Earth Essay1039 Words   |  5 Pagesincludes a process called terraforming, which is defined as transforming a planet into something resembling the earth, especially as regards to human habitation. This is widely thought of as Science Fiction - but 50 years ago so was just about everything that is commonplace today. What alternatives do we have? Are there any planets out there that are like enough to earth that they could be so transformed? The body most commonly thought of in association with terraforming is Mars. There areRead MoreThe Drowned World, Comedy, And Elegy1704 Words   |  7 Pages Ballard’s The Drowned World, the use of these literary forms frame the ideas of how climate change affects a future Earth and what that means for humanity. Furthermore, this work manifests different emerging trends of the Anthropocene such as terraforming, biotechnological de-extinction, and cosmopolitanism to portray an altered world. Tragedy exemplifies itself in many different forms throughout Ballard’s novel. This literary form is especially conveyed through the tragic role of Kerans and theRead MoreThe Human Race : Science And Math1632 Words   |  7 Pagesresources used up and no room left on the planet, it would be very tough to survive on Earth. With the growth of new technological advancements in science and with strong goals of space exploration, scientists have considered the possibility of terraforming mars. With the potential to start life on a new planet and make a new home for not just the human race, but for many species on Earth as well, it could most definitely help solve the devastating threats that we may soon face in the near futureRead MoreThe Expansion Of Space Architecture1610 Words   |  7 Pagesplanets is splendid, no doubt. But the stated argument for colonizing them as insurance policy in case of global disaster seems senseless. Yes, humanity definitely has to survive, but it goes to our Mother Earth too! Scientists often talk about ‘terraforming’ or ‘Earth-shaping’ different planets, deliberately modifying its atmosphere, temperature and surface topography similar to Earth in order to make it habitable by humankind. But what exactly could make the Earth literally uninhabitable? If peopleRead More Apophis Meteorite is Barrelling towards Earth805 Words   |  3 Pagesnot only one of our closest neighboring planets, but also has similar conditions to Earth. I know, it sounds all dusty and dry, but that doesnt mean we can’t make a few Earth-like changes. This is terraforming, changing another planet with potential for life to fit the needs of us humans. By terraforming Mars, we will be able to colonize it to ensure safety for the human race. Because we all want to be safe right? Turn on the news, or the weather channel. You will see something like, Snowstorm shutsRead MoreEssay on The Ethics of Terraformation3112 Words   |  13 PagesThe Ethics of Terraformation What is Terraformation? The point of terraforming is to change an uninhabitable terrestrial planet into one that can support human life on the surface. Terraforming is a massive undertaking, and it involves altering a whole planets climate, geology, and life. It entails the destruction of land masses and geological features billions of years old, elevating the global temperature, and flooding the surface with vast oceans. The most relevant to this discussionRead MoreFree Speech Policy Should Be Freedom Of Speech1029 Words   |  5 Pagesextending their worldview to the surrounding environment. These vocal activists are culturally terraforming the environment around them, using public shaming and soft threats as their means to keep voices they disagree with in check. The evidence of aggressive targeting by these activists already exists. Speakers have been uninvited; comedians have sworn off performing at campuses. This is cultural terraforming in action. When they graduate, they will take these va lues to their respective industriesRead MoreSpace Colonization : A New Frontier1710 Words   |  7 Pages Robert Sparrow makes Fogg’s argument less clear-cut in the article â€Å"The Ethics of Terraforming.† Rather than using preservationism, Sparrow uses agent-based ethics to deem that changing planets is not ethical. Sparrow’s agent-based ethics avoids the value problem by simply saying that the right choice is the virtuous choice, the choice that a perfectly virtuous person would do. Sparrow argues that by terraforming a planet, we are revealing two faults in character: â€Å"aesthetic insensitivity† and â€Å"sin

Diversity - 1115 Words

Diversity Michelle Fishburn Walden University Masters in Science of Education E-Portfolio-Transition Point Three 21 July 2014 Diversity As an educator in any school you have experienced a diverse range of students; from boys and girls, young adults, to immigrants starting a new life. In each classroom you will encounter and continue to encounter a different mix of student demographics. In order to be an effective educator you learn to adapt the curriculum and teaching methods to each unique situation. In most teaching experiences the students are the usually the ones adapting to the surroundings, however in my current teaching position it has been myself that has had to adapt to the surroundings. Teaching in a†¦show more content†¦I still find ways to show my students that they can succeed. My goal is to help facilitate my students’ pursuit for knowledge and help them acquire the communication skills, problem solving skills, and critical thinking skills which will enable them to be life-long learners. A major part that has helped me promote these skills in my classroom is through professiona l development. Collaborating with my colleagues keeps me focused and engaged on tasks inside the school and classroom. Observing different styles of teaching has motivated me to try new ideas in my classroom and when my students show excitement about trying new things I know that they are succeeding in their own way. Not only does professional development help me become a better teacher but also the courses from Walden University. I have learned and adapted numerous ideas from other teachers and professors. The strategies and teaching English language learner’s courses have been the most influential. As teachers, student success is also a priority. It is important to remember as a teacher that success is measured in different ways. Success can be getting a good grade and for another student it could an increase in involvement. Whatever the success teachers must be able to help each student reach their full potential. In order for my students to succeed I must have goals set f or myself. My first action is to continually grow in myShow MoreRelatedDiversity And Diversity For A Company873 Words   |  4 PagesDiversity is a key contributor in today’s workforce. Many factors effect diversity and there are guidelines a company can follow to ensure it is diverse. Diversity and inclusion can be tools to create a competitive advantage for a company and can help solve issues by looking at problems from different perspectives. It also contributes to the employees by allowing for work with many types of people. According to Phillips and Gully (2014) â€Å"Diversity awareness enables you to hire, retain and motivateRead MoreDemographic Diversity And Cultural Diversity1700 Words   |  7 PagesDEMOGRAPHIC AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY GOPI KRISHNA CHALLA RIVIER UNIVERSITY Demographic and Cultural Diversity ABSTRACT The research is concerning Organizational Behavior which includes unusual types of Organizations with dissimilar types of public behaviors. Among that Demographic Diversity and Cultural Diversity of an Organization is extremely significant to turn into a triumphant organization or company in the marketplace Especially the Demographic and Cultural Diversity show the in good physicalRead MoreEssay on Diversity in the Workplace1258 Words   |  6 Pages Diversity in the workplace is a subject that has gained increased attention in the workplace over the past few years. After all, the impact of affirmative action and equal employment opportunity programs on the nations work force is undeniable. Women and minorities were the first to dramatically alter the face of the economic mainstream, while gays, persons with disabilities and senior citizens followed not far behind. The result is a diverse American labor force representing a microcosm of ourRead MoreDiversity and Inclusion Paper1085 Words   |  5 PagesThinking About Diversity and Inclusion Paper SOC/315 December 15, 2010 Professor Dr. Lorthridge Introduction This paper will discuss and focus on the four dimensions of diversity: ethnicity, gender, differences in skills, abilities and personality traits and how they have an impact in my workplace. To be able to go further in this paper one should understand the definition of diversity. Diversity is a variety between people associated to factors such as culture, employment status, educationRead MoreThe Diversity Audit Project : Starbucks1406 Words   |  6 Pagesof the diversity audit project is to teach students how to analyze and measure diversity efforts of potential employers and as potential customers. In this globalizing world these skills are more important than ever. Many companies are making changes to diversify their employees and their customer base; this project is focused on investigating one company’s efforts. After this project students can expect to have gained a deeper knowledge of how to measure a company’s level of diversity and analyzeRead MoreThe Impac t Of Workplace Diversity On The Workplace997 Words   |  4 Pages Workplace diversity is a term which describes the inclusion of people in the workplace regardless of their cultural differences such as gender, race and sexuality. Rather than disregarding them, diverse workplaces utilise these differences to widen the range of experiences and skills among their employees as stated by the Australian Breastfeeding Association (2012). Some professions, however, are more diverse than others. According to the Diversity Inclusion: Unlocking Global Potential - GlobalRead MoreDiversity and Inclusion1102 Words   |  5 PagesDiversity is a notion, when applied to the majority of circumstances, can create a positive conclusion. The trick to producing a positive outcome is often how the different aspects are brought together. Consider a classic dinner combination peas and carrots, the two colors look appealing and the two flavors comes together as one making a superb side dish. Now consider oil and water, these two substance are not often considered a good c ombination. Although, this is not always the case; olive oil andRead MoreDiversity And Inclusion For Diversity1920 Words   |  8 PagesIn the most simplest terms diversity and inclusion can be explained by diversity being the mix and inclusion is getting the mix to work well together. In broader terms, diversity is anything that can be used to differentiate groups and people from one another. This can be anything from life experiences, learning styles, personality types to race, gender, sexual orientation or even county of origin. These differences can be used to achieve quality teaching, learning and support services. InclusionRead MoreDiversity And Equality And Diversity1852 Words   |  8 PagesDiversity tends to be established by people from different spheres of life including different ethnicities, cultures, and social settings. It allows individuals to appreciate and understand the interdependence of culture, the environment in which people are living, and humanity. Diver sity also helps individuals to build alliances and unity despite having a difference regarding their beliefs, religion, and culture. It helps one to recognize and appreciate that people are born different regardingRead MoreEssay about Managing Diversity in the Workplace1449 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizations need diversity to become more creative and open to change. Maximizing and capitalizing on workplace diversity has become an important issue for management today (UCSF). Workplace diversity refers to having a variety of different types of people working together within a place of business. Employee gender, race, religion, sexual preference, physical appearance, family or marital status, education, culture, personality, or tenure establishes diversity in the workplace. Diversity is rapidly

Thomas Hardy Free Essays

About the author Thomas Hardy was born in 1840 in Dorset, a rural county in the south-west of England. His father was a stonemason and the family were not well off. Hardy showed an early interest in books, however, and when he was sixteen, he began training as an architect in Dorchester. We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Hardy or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 1862, he went to work in London, where he was able to compare city life with the customs and timeless ways of the country village where he grew up. He began writing in his spare time. In 1870, he met and fell in love with Emma Gifford, but they could not afford to marry. His fourth novel, Far From the Madding Crowd, published in 1874, was a big success. This allowed him to become a full-time writer and to marry. Hardy wrote several more novels, among them The Mayor of Casterbridge, published in 1886. He and Emma lived in Dorset, but they spent part of every year in London, where they mixed with literary people and Hardy was much admired. Although Hardys books were very popular, when Jude the Obscure appeared in 1896, people hated it. They thought it was an attack on marriage, and ound it shocking and immoral. Hardy turned to poetry and never wrote another novel. He died in 1928. Some biographers portray him as snobbish, mean and hateful towards women. Others believe he was a sensitive man who cared deeply about the human condition. Summary Young, poor Michael Henchard feels trapped by his wife and child and one night gets drunk at a fair and sells them to a stranger called Newson. Horrified by what he has done, he swears not to touch alcohol for twenty years. Eighteen years later he is the mayor of Casterbridge and a successtul businessman. Believing Newson is dead, is wife, Susan, and daughter, Elizabeth-Jane, arrive in c Pearson Education Limited 2008 Casterbridge to find Henchard because she has no money. He marries her again and they have a short happy life together. Farfrae, a young man with modern business ideas, arrives at the same time and becomes Henchard’s farm manager. Susan dies, and Henchard learns that Elizabeth-Jane is really Newson’s daughter. Henchard falls out with Farfrae, who sets up a rival business, and soon outdoes him. A woman from Henchard’s past, Lucetta, comes to Casterbridge. Henchard now wants to marry her, but she and Farfrae fall in love. Henchard’s business fails and he loses his house so he starts drinking again. Lucetta dies of shock after the local people make fun of her and Henchard in public. He sees that he will now lose his ‘daughter’ as well as everything else. He leaves Casterbridge on foot. He is penniless and has lost his family – Just as at the beginning of the story. ElizabethJane remains loyal to Henchard, but he dies before she can find him. Chapter 1: Henchard, a farm worker aged twenty, has a family, no Job and no home. He gets drunk and sells his wife and child for five guineas to a sailor named Newson t a fair. Devastated at what he has done, he looks for them without success. Henchard makes a solemn promise not to touch alcohol for twenty years. Chapter 2: Susan, widowed and poor, and her eighteenyear-old daughter, Elizabeth- Jane arrive in Casterbridge to find Henchard. She is relieved to find he is now the Mayor and a businessman who needs a corn manager for his growing business. Chapter 3: Henchard employs Farfrae, a handsome innovative Scotsman as corn manager and the business improves. He also meets Susan and devises a plan so that the townspeople do not find their marriage strange. He draws closer to Farfrae and tells him about his past; including a woman in Jersey he promised to marry. Chapter 4: Henchard marries Susan, but she is reluctant to have her daughter’s last name changed. He and Farfrae disagree publicly over a worker. Henchard is Jealous and organises a rival entertainment day to Farfrae’s, but it fails. Farfrae leaves him and sets up a rival business. Susan dies but leaves a letter with the truth about her daughter. Chapter 5†² Hencnard tells Elizabeth-Jane what happened at the fair twenty years ago but reads in Susan’s letter that she is really Newson’s daughter. He begins to treat her coldly, and even encourages Farfrae to see her. ElizabethJane meets a woman at her mother’s grave who is friendly and offers her to share her house. The Mayor of Casterbridge – Teacher’s notes of 5 Chapter 6: Lucetta, the woman from Jersey, has inherited property in Casterbridge and has employed Elizabeth-Jane as a housekeeper. Henchard tries to see her but they fail to meet. Farfrae calls in to see Elizabeth-Jane, who is out. He likes Lucetta and she loses interest in Henchard. Chapter 7: Henchard goes bankrupt because of the weather and his own impatience while Farfrae’s business ucceeds. Henchard realises he and Farfrae compete for Lucetta’s love, so he threatens her with making their past public so that she accepts his proposal of marriage. Chapter 8: Henchard agrees to postpone their wedding if Lucetta helps him buy some time to repay a debt to Grower. She cant because she has secretly married Farfrae and Grower acted as witness. Chapter 9: Henchard claims the letters from his safe, and reads them out to Farfrae without disclosing the sender. He promises Lucetta to give tham back to her and asks Jopp to deliver them. Chapter 10: Jopp asks Lucetta to help him become her usband’s manager but she refuses. In a pub, he reads out the letters to two women and they plan a skimmity-ride in town to scorn Lucetta and Henchard. Chapter 1 1: A member of the Royal family visits the town but Henchard is not allowed to greet him. Hurt, Henchard fghts Farfrae in a barn but cannot bring himself to kill him. Chapter 12: Henchard is back in town to see the ride. Farfrae does not see the ride because he is lured away from town but Lucetta dies of the shock. Chapter 13: Henchard and Elizabeth-Jane live together happily. Elizabeth-Jane and Farfrae renew their relationship and get married Newson returns and te s daughter the truth, which makes her very happy. Henchard leaves the town. Chapter 14: Elizabeth-Jane marries Farfrae and tries to find her father to take care of him but he dies before she can find him. The original text The novel first appeared serially, in twenty instalments, in 1886 in The Graphic, an English periodical and simultaneously in the United States. The book appeared as soon as the serial publication was complete but it differs a lot from the serial novel. It has been adapted for TV as a miniseries. Background and themes Where the story came from: Hardy claims the story as inspired by three actual events: the sale of a wife by her husband reported in a local newspaper, the uncertain harvests and the visit of Prince Albert, Queen Victoria’s husband, to Dorchester, the town upon which Casterbridge is based, in 1849. Fight with self: The main theme of the book is Henchard’s fight against two things: his own character and chance. As he fghts with himself, his actions and decisions affect other people’s lives, usually badly. He often allows negative feelings to overwhelm him – at the beginning when things seem so bad he sells his wife. He is lways honest in business, but not always kind; he is often impatient and quick to anger, but he is capable of great love and great loneliness. His complex character creates uncertainty in the reader – should we feel sorry for him or does he deserve everything that happens to him? Chance: Chance plays an important part throughout the story: the chance appearance of Newson in the tent when Henchard is trying to sell his wife; the rain that spoils Henchard’s fair; the August weather that ruins Henchard’s business; the chance meeting between Farfrae and Lucetta when they fall in love. Hardy believes that although Henchard is a powerful character, he is never fully in control of his life. Alcohol also has a role here. Henchard’s life improves when he stops drinking; as he devotes himself to work, builds a successful business and eventually becomes mayor. Once ne starts again, ne loses his pride and his Judgement. Traditional versus modern: The two men represent contrasting ways of life in the country. Henchard is traditional and old-fashioned. Farfrae is young and modern. Hardy was always fascinated by country customs and ways. He often includes strange country rituals like the skimmity-ride in his novels. They make useful plot devices and allow him to paint pictures of colourful but less important characters. He also uses them to reveal the conservative side of society, which can be very cruel to people who fall outside its strict rules of moral behaviour. Lucetta dies because of the skimmity Joke. This breaking of the moral code becomes a very important theme in Hardys later novels, which shocked the reading public and ended Hardys novel-writing career. Discussion activities Before reading 1 Group work: Students work in groups. Each group chooses an important person in their local community, e. g. factory owner, the mayor, the chief of police, a magistrate. They then decide on a terrible secret in the past of their character. They discuss the details of the secret without other students overhearing. The class then questions each group in turn to try and find out what the secret is. Groups have to answer as truthfully as they can. 2 Read carefully: Read the Introduction on pages Ev’ii. Make a chart of the events of Thomas Hardys life. Use these dates: 1840 1871 1886 1895 1913 1914 1928 Example: 1840 Thomas Hardy is born in Dorset. Chapter 1 While reading Pair work: (atter page 4) Michael is ottering his wite or a little money at the fair. Ask students in pairs to make a list of the things they could say to persuade Michael to keep quiet. 4 Discuss: (page 6) Michael makes a formal promise not to drink alcohol for twenty years. Ask students to discuss the following: How hard will this be for Michael? Have you ever made a promise that was hard to keep? After reading 9 Pair work: Henchard wants to persuade Farfrae to stay and work with him. How can he do this? Ask students in pairs to write down reasons why Farfrae should stay in Casterbridge. Then they prepare a short speech and give it to the rest of the class. Finally, have a class vote for the most convincing speech. 10 Discuss: Ask students to discuss the following: How do you think people in Casterbridge would react if they knew that the mayor had sold his wife twenty years before? How has this changed in present days? Are citizens’ decisions influenced by the private life of their authorities? Chapters 3-4 11 Discuss: Ask students to discuss the following: What about Farfrae has attracted Henchard? Why would he be interested in him? Guess: Tell students that eighteen years have passed after Henchard’s promise not to drink for twenty years. Ask students to guess what has become of Henchard’s life. Will he ever find his family again? 12 Write: (after Chapter 3) After he learns about Lucetta and Henchard, Farfrae advises him to write a letter to the young woman explaining to her why he is no longer available to keep his word and marry her. He even helps him do so. Ask students in pairs to write the letter from Henchard to Lucetta. 13 Role play: (page 21) Ask students to pretend they are ordinary townspeople at Henchard and Susan’s wedding. They are very surprised by the wedding. Ask them to role play the conversation in pairs. 4 Guess: (page 23) Farfrae and Elizabeth-Jane receive notes for a secret meeting in a barn. Neither of them has written the note for the other. Ask students to guess who may have wanted them to meet and therefore written the notes. What motive might that person have? 15 Discuss: (page 24) Henchard and Farfrae argue over how to treat a worker. Ask students to discuss how different their approaches to management are. How can they be described? If they were a worker, who would they prefer as a manager? Role play: Susan leaves the fair with the sailor. How do they feel? What do they say to each other as they alk along the road? Ask students to role play the conversation between them. Chapter 2 7 Discuss: (page 9) Ask students to discuss how Susan’s life might have been different if she had not left with the sailor eighteen years before. Would her life have been better? 8 Role play: (after read ing aloud the first paragraph on page 15) Casterbridge was a very quiet town in Hardys day. Communications with big cities like London and Portsmouth were slow and difficult. So when Farfrae arrives, a visitor from Scotland, it is a big event. Farfrae is in the bar at the King of Prussia. One student is Farfrae. Other students are customers. What do they ask him? Ask them to role play the conversation in small groups. 16 Group work: Put students in small groups. Ask them to discuss how these sets of relationships change in this section of the book: Susan and Henchard; Hencnard and Fartrae; Elizabeth-Jane and Fartrae; Elizabeth-Jane and Henchard. After their discussions, groups report back to the class. Chapters 5-6 17 Discuss: Ask students to discuss these questions with a partner. (a) Who is the Woman in black? b) The next chapter is called ‘Love at First Sight’. Which two characters will fall n love at first sight? 18 Group work: (page 33) Henchard has Just been told that he will not be offered the position of mayor again. Farfrae has been chosen instead. Ask students in groups to discuss which candidate would be a better mayor and to give reasons for their choice. Then they share their ideas with the class. 19 Role play: (page 35) Elizabeth-Jane is sitting by her mother’s grave, reading. A woman she has never met before approaches and they start talking. She tells her about her life before and after Casterbridge. Ask students in pairs to role play this conversation. Remind them the woman ends up hiring her as a housekeeper. 20 Discuss: (page 40) Will the new planting machine be good for the people of Casterbridge or bad? Ask students to take a minute and write arguments for and against new machinery. Then they share their ideas with other students. 27 Group work: Wealth (or the absence of it) plays an important role in the novel. For example, Hencnard’s interest in Lucetta grows now that she is wealthy and independent. Ask students to work in groups. Assign each group a character (Henchard, Susan, Lucetta, Elizabeth-Jane, Farfrae). Students discuss how money nd wealth have changed their character. Are they better off with money? Are they happier? Then they share their views. 21 Discuss: Elizabeth-Jane wonders why Lucetta did not trust her with the truth. Ask students in pairs or small groups to try to respond to this question. Then they compare their views with other students. Chapters 7-8 22 Guess: Ask students to discuss who the title of the chapter may refer to, when it comes to love. Who are the women involved? 23 Group work: (page 44) Ask students in small groups to list the mistakes or miscalculations Henchard made as regards his business. What did he do wrong? What shouldn’t he have done? What should he have done instead? Encourage them to give reasons for their answers. Then they share their lists with the rest of the class. Do they have similar ideas? 24 Discuss: Invite students to read aloud the incident on page 45 between the two drivers. Discuss with students how this incident reflects the wider situation between Henchard and Farfrae. Record ideas on the board. 25 Discuss: (page 47) Ask students to discuss the following questions: How does Henchard force Lucetta to agree to marry him? Was she right in accepting the proposal? Did she have any other way out? How will Farfrae feel about this? 26 Discuss: (page 53) Ask students to discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups: What emotions does Henchard feel when he learns of Lucetta’s marriage to Farfrae? Will he keep quiet about their past relationship? Then they snare their ideas wit n the rest ot the class. Chapters 9-10 28 Guess: Ask students to guess how Henchard might react to Lucetta’s rejection. 29 Pair work: (page 55) Ask students in pairs to discuss the following questions: How do Henchard’s and Farfrae’s management styles differ? What kind of manager would you like to have if you were an employee? 30 Role play: (page 59) Elizabeth-Jane stops Farfrae in the street and warns him about Henchard’s feelings but he does not take her seriously. Ask students to role play this conversation. 31 Discuss: (page 66) Mrs Cuxsom and Nance Mockridge plan the skimmity-ride after they listen to Jopp read out the letters. They want to teach Mrs Farfrae a lesson using an old tradition. Ask students to discuss the following: How would people in your country shame others today? 2 Group work: Students compare events in the lives f Henchard and Farfrae by making a good/bad list for each of the two men. Divide the class into four groups. Each group takes and completes one section of the list. Groups report back to the class, writing their ideas in list form on the board. As a follow-up, students write a paragraph comparing the fortunes of the two men. Chapters 11-12 33 Discuss: Farfrae has Just been offered the position of may or. Ask students to discuss these questions: Do you think he will agree? Why/why not? 34 Role play: Ask students to imagine that they are standing in the crowd watching the royal visit. How to cite Thomas Hardy, Papers

Critical Essay free essay sample

Critical Essay Topic: To what extent is the protagonist conditioned by his or her physical and social environment? â€Å"Rules of the Game† is a short story by Amy Tan about a young Chinese immigrant girl, Waverly in 1950s, when people from China immigrated to America seeking better living prospects. The story is set in the modest physical and social settings of Chinatown in America, where the protagonist Waverly resides with her family. Waverly’s mother expects her daughter to â€Å"rise above† her circumstances for the social advancement in the society. From a humble background Waverly rises to become a celebrity chess champion, but in the process falls into predicament with her conservative mother. The physical and social settings in the story play a significant role in influencing Waverly’s transformation from an ordinary child to a whiz kid â€Å"china town champion† and her conflicting differences with her mother, her â€Å"protective ally†. It gains the reputation of the brand and its products in 1920s (Schulenburg and Triebel 2008). The company is not just producing luxury cars, but it also producing motorcycle. According to Schulenburg and Triebel, the first motorcycle produced by BMW AG is on the year 1923. The Positive Corporate Social Performance of BMW AG In response to its Corporate Social Responsibility, BMW AG provides an environmental officer. According to Environmental Officer (2011), environmental officer functions to assist businesses to conduct sustainable environmental practices that stabilize their needs with the ecosystems in which they operate. The first environmental officer of BMW AG Company appointed in 1973. Second, in today’s world the global issue mentioned that the environmental managers are currently working on is on how to lower the environmental impact and how to reduce the consumption of resources (Group Wide Environmental Protection n. d. ). According to Group Environmental Wide Protection (n. d. ), the competitors of BMW, which is the other car maker company, can’t match the BMW’s group efficiency of using the resources. This is because BMW AG uses a systematic way to improve their resources efficiency around its production worldwide every year. Regarding the pollution problem, BMW and other car companies have the solution already, which is to make hybrid cars. BMW hybrid car is one of the examples of the eco or environmental friendly vehicle, because it does not produce any hazardous waste (BMW Hybrid Cars n. d. ). BMW Company has found a solution to reduce the pollution by producing hybrid cars. BMW has a plan to use carbon fiber material, which will result in producing an efficient type of vehicles, for their upcoming electricity vehicle (Garthwaite 2010). There are some ways to give a positive impact to the stakeholders, such as reducing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, refining traffic management concepts, active and passively safely and customer satisfaction (Product Responsibility 2010). This situation wills not only benefiting for customer, but it would also be a benefit to the workers or the employees in that company. Moreover, according to BMW Regional Operational Programme (n. d. ), Environmental Protection Agency has developed the framework of air management quality in the countryside areas. This then can lead to the stakeholder’s welfare around the company’s area. For several years, BMW engineers have been allocating a selection of materials (both raw and recycled) to be used by suppliers. BMW engineers are increasing the amount of renewable material, such as flax, sisal and cotton that are designated in new cars by growing them thus do not exhaust the earth’s limited resources. Furthermore, BMW Group is working with Autogreen, a network of dismantlers, to implement an End of Life Vehicle Recycling Network, which aims to treat and dispose end of life vehicles in an environmentally sound manner (How Much Recycled Material is used in the UK by BMW 2011). BMW also had a long history on an environmental protection, in the year of 2000, â€Å"Environmental Agencies accepted BMW as a charter member of the agency’s national environmental achievement tract† (White, Bingham and Hill 2003, 158). Recycling is one of the best ways to protect the environment. The BMW engineers’ group is responsible for the material used to make the vehicles’ components. The BMW group must ensure that those components can be recycled in the future (Product Responsibility n. d. ). Recycling would also help the company to avoid the negative ecological compact. The other methods demonstrated by BMW to increases the environmental protection are , reducing the energy consumption, reducing water consumption, protecting wildlife and improving waste management (BMW Group 2005). The Negative Corporate Social Performance of BMW AG According to BMW Business Strategy (2010), pollution, climate change and lack of resources are problems faced by most of the companies around the world. First of all, pollution, the smoke produced by vehicles will affect to the society, environment, and it will affect the climate if there is too much smoke produced. This will give a negative impact to the company and to the stakeholders. The company’s reputation might also be effected, if this situation keeps on happening. Nowadays, BMW and other car companies are getting a solution on reducing the pollution by producing hybrid cars. These hybrid cars are eco-friendly and environmental friendly vehicle, which can be defined as vehicles that do not produce hazardous waste (BMW Hybrid Cars n. d. ). Even though it produces less hazardous waste or pollution to the environment, according to BMW Hybrid Cars (n. d. ), the waste products that re released from the hybrid cars consider being very damaged to the environment. This is because most of the hybrid car uses electricity or natural gas as their fuel. Furthermore, these sources of energy produce hydrocarbon when uses under production (BMW Hybrid Cars n. d. ). Moreover, hybrid vehicles are a type of vehicle that is harder to build due to its complexity. So, more energy is used to produce to b uild this car (Hybrid Cars Negative Environmental Impact 2007). Furthermore, most hybrid cars use nickel metal hydride system, which nickel mining required. However, these nickel metal hydrides can be recycled; even though it can be recycled it would cost a lot. (Hybrid Cars Negative Environmental Impact 2007). Road vehicle is not just giving a negative impact to the environment, so noise and visual intrusion are included in the negative impact of using cars (BMW Regional Operational Programme n. d. ). BMW Company, which has more than 21 factories and more than 100000 workers around the world (CSR Case Study Series 2005), deposed more than 8000 of their workers worldwide (Buckley 2008). On 15th August 2003, Arthur Alban purchased a vehicle that was designed and manufactured by BMW. In 2008, Alban’s vehicles emitted a strange odor from the insulation in the trunk of his vehicle. Alban claimed BMW to replace the insulation as the vehicles warranty covered defects in materials or workmanship for a period of 48 months or 50,000 miles, whichever occurred first. However, BMW refused to compensate the defect parts by arguing that the warranty period had expired. In the end, the district court found out that Alban did not seek repairs within the warranty period. Therefore, BMW did not manipulate its rights by refusing repairs. Concluding Remarks This paper examines the positive performances of BMW AG in the society such as developing vehicles’ components that can be recycled in the future. Moreover, the company develops materials that can be recycled to be used in the manufacturing the vehicles. Nevertheless, BMW AG performances have affected environment negatively by causing a lot of pollution, which the main pollutants from vehicles are CO2 gas. BMW Group has attempted their best to listen and understand the stakeholders. This kind of situation will help the company identify the risks and the potential to avoid errors (Sustainability Management 2007). Even though BMW group are trying to avoid errors, they cannot avoid the major problems faced by all the car manufacturers company, which is pollution. Pollution appears in two areas, which are noise and air pollution. Air pollution might risk the health of the society, including eye irritation, breathing problems and skin irritation. Therefore, it can be concluded that, BMW Company can produce hybrid vehicles to reduce the pollution, so that it will maintain the reputation of the company, and it will maintain the stakeholder’s trust to the company. Even though there are solutions regarding the problem on pollution, which is using the hybrid vehicles to reduce pollution, there are some negative effects resulted by using those hybrid vehicles. The negative effect using hybrid vehicles are, the waste products that are released from those hybrid vehicles, which are from natural gas or electricity, might harm the environment further.

Earthquake San Francisco

Earthquake San Francisco- 1906 Essay On the morning 12 past 5:00 San Francisco suffered a major earthquake that killed 3000 people, the earthquake lasted for about 40 seconds and was recorded at 8.3 on the Richter Scale. People ran from there houses and some stayed inside the buildings and were crushed. The people who ran in the streets were killed by toppled buildings falling from above. There fire department was efficient but the water pipes that go down the San Andreas Fault were severed. The fire could not be stopped because there were now water until the next couple of days. Gas mains blew and caused massive fires all around the city. The city was in the middle of a great economic boom and almost all was lost on that day. The old buildings were never made to withstand earthquakes and easily crumbled and fell crushed people. Some sailers on the coast tried to leave but the waves flew the boats around like toys. The buildings were made out of unreined forced brick or wood which couldnt withstand a earthquake of that magnitude. After the earthquake, they noticed that the San Andreas Fault shifted a 250-mile long section witch tore roads and fences. Rivers, roads and power lines were severed and not aligned with its surroundings. A road across the fault ended up 21 feet north of the road to the east same with the rivers and creeks. The earthquakes most damage were in Los Bonas 30km east of the fault yet there was little damage along towns to the east side of San Francisco Bay such as Berkely, 25km east of the fault. And the capital of California Sacramento that was 120km east of the rupture showed no damage. Scientists found out that the earthquake originated north of Oregon and south to Los Angeles a total of 1170 Km. Knowing now that buildings could not withstand a earthquake with unreiforced brick, the new San Francisco would have buildings that can handle major earthquakes by constructing them so that they sway back and fourth rather than just simply crumbling to the ground killing people. The San Andreas fault is formed by the Pacific plate sliding north and the North American plate running South. The two slide together caused the earthquake. The most recent earthquake in that area today, was in 1990 in San Francisco which measured around 8.3 on the richter scale but it wasnt a bad as the one in 1906.